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 Cao Cao was born in Pei Guohao (present Hao County in Anhui Province). He was known as a famous politician, strategist and a great litterateur during the Three Kingdoms Period.
Cao Cao started his military career at the age of twenty. In the process of cracking down the Yellow Turbans Uprising at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220 AD), he built up his force. After the rebellion, the Eastern Han only reigned in name and the country fell apart into three confronting forces of Cao Cao, Liu Bei and Sunquan. Cao Cao outstripped the other two.
In 196 AD, Cao Cao had the Eastern Han capital relocated from Luoyang to Xu, (both in present Henan Province). He proclaimed himself the prime minister and made the puppet emperor his trump card. After several decisive battles with local forces in the north, he unified the region north of the Yellow River.
Thenceforward, Cao Cao targeted at major forces in the south. In order to fight back Cacao, the southern regimes of Liu Bei and Sunquan allied together. Quickly, the Battle of Chibi broke out. Cao Cao was badly defeated and had to draw back to the north desperately. Since then, Cao Cao has never stepped across the Yellow River until the time of his son.
In the north, Cao Cao had vast land cultivated by the garrison troops and ordered the construction of many irrigation projects. He set the governmental monopoly on the salt and iron commodities. In politics, he practiced merits system. All this contributed to the restoration of social economy. Meanwhile, he made accomplishments in poetry. Together with his two sons, they opened a new ear in the history of Chinese literature.
Cao Cao died of heavy headache at the age of sixty-five.
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